The study, titled "Assessment of Technological Transition in the Apparel Sector of Bangladesh and Its Impact on Workers," was conducted by Bangladesh Labour Foundation (BLF), Solidaridad Network Asia, and Brac University. Conducted between August and October 2024, it surveyed 429 workers from Dhaka, Gazipur, and Narayanganj.
Key Findings
- Helpers Most Affected: A significant portion of displaced workers were helpers, with automation disproportionately affecting women, older workers, those with less education, and the unskilled.
- Sectoral Impact: The sweater sector experienced the highest job decline at 37.03% per production line, while woven factories recorded a 27.23% reduction.
- Automation in Processes: The cutting process saw the steepest decline in worker numbers, with a 48.34% reduction, whereas the sewing process showed a 26.57% decrease.
- Worker Adaptation: Despite the challenges, 85% of surveyed workers reported reduced physical strain from automated machinery.
Responses from Stakeholders
Miran Ali, a BGMEA Support Committee member, highlighted that inefficiencies like power shortages and port congestion have affected worker productivity. He suggested partial automation to balance productivity and health safety, emphasizing the need for government-led automation in other sectors, including the Labour Ministry.
Labour and Employment Secretary AHM Shafiquzzaman stressed the importance of training workers to adapt to new technologies. “We must align human resource development with industrial demands to prevent job losses,” he said, adding that academia should revise curricula to meet market needs.
Recommendations
The study proposed a strategic and coordinated approach to ensure a "just transition" for workers:
- Training and Upskilling: Establish structured facilities to equip workers with the skills needed for automated roles.
- Government Action: Develop a National Plan of Action to prioritize worker welfare, skill development, and social security.
- Business Responsibility: Encourage brands and buyers to maintain ethical practices, fair wages, and safe working conditions.
- Collaboration: Foster partnerships among trade unions, employers, and civil society organizations to enhance worker capacity.
Future Outlook
Speakers at the study's dissemination emphasized the dual challenge of harnessing automation for competitive advantage while addressing its social implications. As automation promises higher production efficiency and better quality, strategic efforts are crucial to balance technological advancement with job security and worker welfare.
END/MSS/AJ
Comment: