The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has granted approval for the first vaccine against chikungunya in Europe, as announced on Friday (May 31). This landmark decision comes with a warning from the agency that climate change could exacerbate the spread of this mosquito-borne disease.

Chikungunya, often referred to as "chick fever," is similar to dengue or Zika in its symptoms and transmission. The disease leads to high fever and severe joint pain, which can be debilitating and persistent. Other symptoms include joint swelling, muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue, and rash.

The newly approved vaccine, developed by Valneva Austria, is named Ixchic. It is administered as a single-dose powder or injection, inducing the production of neutralizing antibodies within 28 days in individuals over 18 years old. The immunity provided by the vaccine lasts up to six months after administration.

This approval marks the final step before the European Commission gives the green light for the vaccine's use across Europe. The EMA's decision highlights the growing need to address diseases traditionally confined to tropical and subtropical regions, which are now posing increased risks to Europe due to changing climate conditions.

Chikungunya is primarily caused by the Chikvi virus and has been most prevalent in Central and South American countries. Although not endemic to Europe, cases often arise from individuals traveling to and from affected regions.

The EMA’s authorization is a significant development in public health, providing a preventive measure against chikungunya as Europe braces for potential increases in mosquito-borne diseases driven by climate change.